{"id":13101,"date":"2019-01-09T14:33:36","date_gmt":"2019-01-09T19:33:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jimbovard.com\/blog\/?p=13101"},"modified":"2026-02-18T09:58:36","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:58:36","slug":"karl-marx-the-great-socialist-revival","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jimbovard.com\/blog\/2019\/01\/09\/karl-marx-the-great-socialist-revival\/","title":{"rendered":"Karl Marx & the Great Socialist Revival"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Karl Marx and the Great Socialist Revival<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/h1>\n

by James Bovard<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>

Socialism\u2019s popularity is reviving in America. Socialist Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez captured a seat in the new Congress and is calling for confiscatory tax rates at the same time Democratic Socialist candidates are thriving in many areas of the nation. The Washington Post reported in July that it\u2019s \u201cbeen a good summer for the Democratic Socialists of America,\u201d who have \u201cnever had more adherents or more clout.\u201d The Democratic Socialists of America openly calls for the abolition of capitalism.<\/p>\n

It would be gratifying to Karl Marx, born 200 years ago in Trier, Germany. In a New York Times tribute headlined, \u201cHappy Birthday, Karl Marx. You Were Right!\u201d philosophy professor Jason Barker declared that \u201ceducated liberal opinion is today more or less unanimous in its agreement with Marx\u2019s basic thesis\u201d that capitalism is fatally flawed. But that presumption is true only if \u201ceducated liberal opinion\u201d simply does not care about tyranny.<\/p>\n

Trier, Germany, held a huge birthday celebration highlighted by the unveiling of a 5,000-pound bronze statue of Marx donated by the communist Chinese government. Jean-Claude Juncker, the president of the European Commission, gave a speech lauding the communist theoretician: “Karl Marx was a philosopher, who thought into the future, had creative aspirations, and today he stands for things which is he not responsible for and which he didn\u2019t cause\u2026. One has to understand Karl Marx from the context of his time and not have prejudices.”<\/p>\n

Juncker hyped Marx\u2019s doctrines to claim that European governments need to give more handouts to fulfill citizens\u2019 \u201csocial rights.\u201d Daniel Kawczynski, a British member of parliament whose family had fled communist Poland, denounced the celebration: \u201cI think it\u2019s in very poor taste. We have to remember that Marxism was all about ripping power and individual means away from people and giving to the State. Marxism \u2026 allowed a small band of fanatics to suppress the people.\u201d<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, as decades have passed since the fall of the Soviet Union, romanticism is deep-sixing the bitter facts of the lives people in communist regimes were forced to live. British Guardian columnist Paul Mason hailed the Soviet takeover of Russia for providing \u201ca beacon to the rest of humanity.\u201d But Marxism in practice didn\u2019t work out so well. Communist regimes produced the greatest ideological carnage in human history, killing more than a hundred million people in the last century. Many zealots believe that it is unfair to Marx\u2019s legacy to hold him culpable for the perennial savagery by regimes that invoked his name. But the seeds of tyranny were there from the start.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

The \u201cDivine Idea\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marx\u2019s salvation scheme was built on a mystical foundation supplied by German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel. Though the New York Times eulogy for Marx touted Hegel as an advocate of a \u201crational liberal state,\u201d Hegel was derided in his lifetime as the \u201cRoyal Prussian Court Philosopher\u201d and for promoting the notion that the State is \u201cinherently rational.\u201d Hegel deified government, asserting that \u201cthe State is the Divine Idea as it exists on earth\u201d and \u201call the worth which the human being possesses \u2014 all spiritual reality, he possesses only through the State.\u201d Hegel scorned any limits on government power: \u201cThe State is the self-certain absolute mind which recognizes no authority but its own, which acknowledges no abstract rules of good and bad, shameful and mean, cunning and deceit.\u201d<\/p>\n

Marx, perhaps blinded by Hegel, never recognized the inherent danger of Leviathan<\/strong>. Nor did Marx explain how communism would actually arise after the demolition of capitalism. Equally important, he never even attempted to reveal how the State would \u201cwither away\u201d after the \u201cdictatorship of the proletariat\u201d commenced. Marx\u2019s humanitarian piffle did nothing to deter Lenin from decreeing that \u201cliberty is so precious that it must be rationed.\u201d<\/p>\n

Marxists assumed that vastly increasing government power was the key to liberating humanity. But all-powerful regimes quickly become ends in themselves. In 1932, Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin decreed the death penalty for any theft of state property. In Ukraine, where millions were starving because of the brutal collectivization of farms, even children poaching a few ears of corn could be shot.<\/p>\n

The history of communism proves there will never be a shortage of intellectual apologists to sanctify any and every atrocity<\/strong>. In 1936, Sidney and Beatrice Webb, two prominent British socialists, justified Soviet repression because \u201cany public expression of doubt \u2026 is an act of disloyalty and even treachery\u201d to central economic planning. Thus, to liberate people with food and clothing, government was entitled to execute anyone who criticized the Five Year Plan for agriculture and textiles. The Webbs glorified Soviet ethical doctrines: \u201cParamount is the injunction to abstain from and to resist \u2018exploitation,\u2019 meaning any employment of others at wages for the purpose of making a profit out of their labor.\u201d The Webbs observed that \u201cabstention from exploitation is the ethical duty that is \u2026 most forcibly and frequently impressed on the youthful mind.\u201d They presumed that all private contracts are exploitative and that politicians would never abuse their power by exploiting those under their thumb.<\/p>\n

Economist John Maynard Keynes hailed the Soviet Union in 1936 as \u201cengaged in a vast administrative task of making a completely new set of social and economic institutions work smoothly and successfully.\u201d American churchman Sherwood Eddy wrote in 1934, \u201cAll life [in Russia] is \u2026 directed to a single high end and energized by such powerful and glowing motivation\u2026. It releases a flood of joyous and strenuous activity.\u201d American philosopher John Dewey visited the Soviet Union and proclaimed upon his return, \u201cThe people go about as if some mighty, oppressive load had been removed, as if they were newly awakened to the consciousness of released energies.\u201d Jean-Paul Sartre, France\u2019s most respected postwar philosopher, declared, \u201cSoviet citizens criticize their government much more and more effectively than we do. There is total freedom of criticism in the USSR.\u201d After controversy erupted in France in 1997 over a book that claims communist regimes had killed nearly 100 million of their own citizens, a French Communist Party spokesman sought to differentiate Stalin and other communist leaders from Hitler: \u201cAgreed, both Nazis and communists killed. But while the Nazis killed from hatred of humanity, the communists killed from love.\u201d<\/p>\n

While many Western intellectuals painted the Soviet Union as a utopia, some communists had fewer illusions. In 1928 Grigori Pyatakov, one of six Soviet leaders personally named in Lenin\u2019s last testament, proudly declared, \u201cAccording to Lenin the Communist Party is based on the principle of coercion which doesn\u2019t recognize any limitations or inhibitions. And the central idea of this principle of boundless coercion is not coercion by itself but the absence of any limitation whatsoever \u2014 moral, political, and even physical. Such a Party is capable of achieving miracles.\u201d Pyatakov was one of the stars of the 1937 Moscow show trials, confessing to ludicrous charges of sabotaging mines in Siberia, and was executed shortly thereafter.<\/p>\n

Boundless tyranny<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marx\u2019s hostility to private property guaranteed boundless tyranny. Property rights are the border guards around an individual\u2019s life that deter political invasions. Socialist regimes despise property because it limits the power of the State to regiment the lives of the people.<\/strong> A 1975 study, The Soviet Image of Utopia, observed, \u201cThe closely knit communities of communism will be able to locate the anti-social individual without difficulty because he will not be able to \u2018shut the door of his apartment\u2019 and retreat to an area of his life that is \u2018strictly private.\u2019\u201d Hungarian economist J\u00e1nos Kornai observed, \u201cThe further elimination of private ownership is taken, the more consistently can full subjection be imposed.\u201d<\/p>\n

Marxist regimes felt entitled to inflict unlimited delusions on their victims \u2014 for the good of the people, or at least proletariats. East Germans were told the Berlin Wall existed to keep fascists out \u2014 even though all the killings by border guards involved East Germans who were heading West. Marxism promised a utopia, and that unsecured pledge sufficed to treat subjects like serfs bound to endlessly submit and obey. Anyone who tried to escape was treated as if he were stealing government property.<\/p>\n

Communism is still often portrayed as morally superior to capitalism because it banishes greedy corporations poisoning people for profit. According to Marxist theory, environmental problems cannot arise in socialist countries because man and nature are by definition in harmony. But Eastern Bloc regimes became a vast graveyard for Mother Nature. Pollution was pervasive largely because of the deification of economic plans. As long as the factories roared and industrial output rose, it didn\u2019t matter that people and everything else were dying.<\/p>\n

I traveled behind the Iron Curtain many times in the mid to late 1980s to study first-hand the results of Marx\u2019s philosophy. I saw pervasive fear in the faces of emaciated people on the streets of Bucharest, Romania, and I saw the terror in the eyes of young Czechs when anyone touched on the subject of politics. I encountered border guards who flew into a tizzy at any piece of paper that might contain subversive ideas. And I witnessed legions of Western apologists who always insisted on giving communist regimes more time and more Western handouts to redeem themselves.<\/p>\n

Marx continues to appeal to social justice warriors, thanks to axioms such as \u201cfrom each according to his ability, to each according to his need.\u201d And who determines \u201cneed\u201d? The presumably omniscient, benevolent State. Marxism promised to end the \u201cclass struggle,\u201d but it did so by subjugating almost everyone to officialdom. As Yugoslavian dissident Milovan Djilas observed in 1957, communism begot a new class of supreme bureaucrats with their own vested interest to perpetuate their power. Abolishing private property left people hostage to petty government officials who kept their jobs by punishing anyone who failed to kowtow to the latest dictates. As Leon Trotsky explained, \u201cIn a country where the sole employer is the State, opposition means death by slow starvation \u2026 who does not obey shall not eat.\u201d<\/p>\n

Regardless of Marx\u2019s intentions, his doctrines spurred perpetual dread in hundreds of millions of victims. But it was criminally naive to expect happy results from any system that bestowed boundless power on politicians. Two hundred years after Marx\u2019s birth, never forget that a philosophy that begins by idealizing government will end by idealizing subjugation.<\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
This article was originally published in the October 2019 edition of<\/em> Future of Freedom<\/a>.on Twitter @jimbovard<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Karl Marx and the Great Socialist Revival by James Bovard January 9, 2019 Socialism\u2019s popularity is reviving in America. Socialist Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez captured a seat in the new Congress and is calling for confiscatory tax rates at the same time Democratic Socialist candidates are thriving in many areas of the nation. The Washington Post reported […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1891,1810,1070,1881,1198,1883,118,1885,1041,1890,1889,1888,1882,1475,1887,1886,221,233,1884,1107],"class_list":["post-13101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-alexandria-ocasio-cortez","tag-berlin-wall","tag-communism","tag-democratic-socialists-of-america","tag-east-germany","tag-european-commission","tag-germany","tag-hegel","tag-hitler","tag-jean-paul-satre","tag-john-dewey","tag-john-maynard-keynes","tag-juncker","tag-karl-marx","tag-leon-trostsky","tag-milovan-djilas","tag-philosophy","tag-soviet-union","tag-trier","tag-ukraine"],"yoast_head":"\nKarl Marx & the Great Socialist Revival - James Bovard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Socialism is reviving on Marx's 200th birthday. 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